• Management, Operation and Maintenance (O&M): short-term contracts (2-5 years) where a fixed fee is paid to private companies for the management or operation and maintenance of public spaces
• Leases and Affermage: medium-length contract (8-15 years), private entities charge fees to users of services instead of receiving fixed fees from the local authority
• Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT), Design-Build-Operate (DBO): output-oriented contracts for the construction or refurbishment of assets, plus operation and management of these assets