As public space data can be understood as public property, several public authorities have defined data access as a precondition to public contracts (e.g.,for the operating of public facilities or even for the sale of a space dedicated to a parking garage). This practice helps municipalities to gain access to data and to guarantee data quality, as well as citizens to use apps that contain data from public facilities via third party apps (e.g.,based on an open data API offered by a public authority). On the other hand, it is also crucial to gain access to specific data from third parties as it could help to optimise municipal services. As it is not always a simple task to convince third parties to share their data, below are some options to ease the implementation of such measure. This guideline is the result of a discussion and assessment done in a SmartImpact workshop:

1. Identify and map your third parties. Who can provide what type of data (energy, environment, transportation, production, waste, labour markets, housing etc.)?

2. Understand how you / the city can provide a benefit to the data-producing company -what is in it for them?

3. Provide incentives for voluntary data sharing (e.g.,tax reductions or access to restricted municipal data).

4. In some cases,it may be opportune to buy data from third parties. In these cases, costs and benefits need to be assessed carefully before purchasing datasets.

5. Some cities have experimented with urban data transaction platforms. These allow trade and exchange of data on an open marketplace.

6. Provide the city (public space and public infrastructure) as a testbed to create and analyse data. Many companies are keen to trying new data-based services and business models –but make sure access to the data is a prerequisite.

7. Create Data Partnership Agreements between companies, the municipality and research to create added value from the data and to develop pilot applications based on data. This canprovide value to the company and the city. The requirement for receiving the value is that the companies share their data.

8. Provide checklists, APIs and pro-formats for data sharing. Make it easy to share.

9. Use regulations to gain access to data –e.g.,onenergy consumption of buildings (Tokyo) or shared bikes used in the city (Manchester).

10. Make the provision of data a condition for all city-related contracts (providing licenses, concessions, selling or renting land, awarding contracts etc.